Product Description
Our Services
Product Design Material Selection
Mold Design Mold Making
Bulk Production Logo Printing
Surface Treatment Assembling
Packaging Door to Door Delivery
Material | Nylon ,mc nylon, POM,ABS,PU,PP,PE,PTFE,UHMWPE,HDPE,LDPE, PVC,etc. |
Color | Black, white, red, green, transparent or any color according to Pantone code |
Size | As per customer’s requirements |
Technology | Injection molding, CNC machining, Extrusion |
Surface Treatment | Powder coating, Zinc coating, Galvanization, Electro-deposition coating, Chrome/zinc/nickel plating, Polishing, Silkscreen, Black oxide |
Application | Automotive, ATV, Mechanical equipment, Construction, Home appliance, Aviation, Office facilities, Agriculture, etc. |
Shippment | We have longterm cooperation with internation shipping agent and express company, so that shipping safty and arriving time are secured |
Detail Image
Our Advantages
Comprehensive Materials
Stock more than 50+ types of material, CHINAMFG is able to supply all the most common plastic and rubber material in the market. We also provide material modification services for unique using environments.
Considerate Service
Our engineers will 24/7 work with you throughout the course of your project, Together, we will discuss your unique design and help you optimize the parts, and also provide DFM reports if required, all is free.
Reasonable Price
Our quote includes real-time pricing and design analysis. We evaluate your 3D CAD and help identify any features that may pose challenges during the molding process, Ensure that each quote is Well-founded.
Quality control Departments
ISO and SGS certified manufacturer has professional quality control departments. Strictly inspect every process of mold and production, each problem can be traced back. Reduce error correction time and defective rate as low as 1%
Our Factory
Our Machine
Product Range
Contact Us
Connection: | Flange |
---|---|
Type: | Bushing |
Specifications: | Customized |
Samples: |
US$ 999/Piece
1 Piece(Min.Order) | Order Sample For sample price, package information, and logisti
|
---|
Customization: |
Available
| Customized Request |
---|
.shipping-cost-tm .tm-status-off{background: none;padding:0;color: #1470cc}
Shipping Cost:
Estimated freight per unit. |
about shipping cost and estimated delivery time. |
---|
Payment Method: |
|
---|---|
Initial Payment Full Payment |
Currency: | US$ |
---|
Return&refunds: | You can apply for a refund up to 30 days after receipt of the products. |
---|
Can I get recommendations for taper bushes with anti-corrosion properties?
Yes, there are taper bushes available in the market that offer anti-corrosion properties. These taper bushes are specifically designed to resist corrosion and maintain their functionality and performance in corrosive environments. When selecting taper bushes with anti-corrosion properties, consider the following recommendations:
- Stainless Steel Taper Bushes: Stainless steel is a common material choice for taper bushes that require anti-corrosion properties. Stainless steel contains chromium, which forms a protective oxide layer on the surface, providing excellent resistance against corrosion. Taper bushes made from stainless steel are suitable for applications where exposure to moisture, chemicals, or other corrosive elements is expected.
- Corrosion-Resistant Coatings: Some taper bushes undergo specialized coating processes to enhance their corrosion resistance. These coatings can include materials such as zinc, nickel, or other anti-corrosive substances. The coatings act as a barrier between the taper bush material and the corrosive environment, preventing or minimizing the effects of corrosion. Look for taper bushes that specify corrosion-resistant coatings in their product descriptions or consult with manufacturers for suitable options.
- Polymer Taper Bushes: Certain polymer materials, such as high-performance plastics, offer inherent resistance to corrosion and are suitable for applications where anti-corrosion properties are required. Polymer taper bushes can be lightweight, non-metallic alternatives that provide excellent resistance to various corrosive substances, including chemicals and moisture.
- Sealed or Enclosed Taper Bushes: In some cases, taper bushes are designed with additional features such as seals or enclosures to protect against corrosion. These seals or enclosures help prevent corrosive agents from reaching critical components of the taper bush, ensuring its long-term performance and resistance to corrosion. Look for taper bushes with integrated seals or inquire with manufacturers about options for enhanced corrosion protection.
When seeking taper bushes with anti-corrosion properties, it is essential to consider the specific requirements of your application, including the type of corrosive environment, temperature, and other operating conditions. Additionally, consult with taper bush manufacturers, suppliers, or industry experts who can provide recommendations based on their expertise and product knowledge.
By selecting taper bushes with anti-corrosion properties, you can ensure the longevity and reliability of your equipment in corrosive environments, reducing the need for frequent replacements and maintenance.
What are the common materials used in manufacturing taper bushes?
In the manufacturing of taper bushes, several materials are commonly used, each offering different properties and characteristics to meet specific application requirements. Here are some of the common materials used in the manufacturing of taper bushes:
- Steel: Steel is one of the most widely used materials for manufacturing taper bushes. It offers excellent strength, durability, and resistance to wear and corrosion. Different grades of steel, such as carbon steel or alloy steel, may be utilized based on the specific application demands. Steel taper bushes are suitable for a wide range of industrial applications and can handle high loads and harsh operating conditions.
- Stainless Steel: Stainless steel taper bushes are chosen for applications that require enhanced corrosion resistance. Stainless steel contains a higher percentage of chromium, which forms a protective oxide layer on the surface, providing resistance against rust and corrosion. Stainless steel taper bushes are commonly used in environments where exposure to moisture, chemicals, or high humidity is expected.
- Cast Iron: Cast iron is another popular material for manufacturing taper bushes. It is known for its excellent strength, wear resistance, and vibration damping properties. Cast iron taper bushes are suitable for applications where shock absorption and reduced noise levels are desired. They are commonly used in machinery, automotive, and construction industries.
- Aluminum: Aluminum taper bushes offer advantages such as lightweight, good thermal conductivity, and resistance to corrosion. They are typically used in applications where weight reduction is crucial or where non-magnetic properties are required. Aluminum taper bushes are commonly employed in industries such as aerospace, marine, and electronics.
- Brass: Brass is a material that combines excellent machinability with good corrosion resistance. Brass taper bushes are commonly used in applications where aesthetics and appearance are important, such as architectural or decorative installations. They are also suitable for applications involving electrical conductivity, such as in electrical equipment or grounding systems.
- Plastics: Certain engineering plastics, such as nylon or acetal, are used in the manufacturing of taper bushes. These plastics offer advantages like low friction, self-lubrication, and resistance to chemicals and moisture. Plastic taper bushes are often employed in applications where noise reduction, lightweight construction, or non-magnetic properties are required. They are commonly found in industries such as food processing, packaging, or medical equipment.
The choice of material for taper bushes depends on various factors, including the application environment, load requirements, desired performance characteristics, and cost considerations. It’s important to select a material that provides the necessary strength, durability, and compatibility with other components in the power transmission system.
When seeking taper bushes, it’s advisable to consult with manufacturers, suppliers, or industry experts who can provide guidance on the most suitable material based on your specific application needs and operational requirements.
Can I find a guide on installing taper bushes for various shaft sizes?
Yes, you can find guides on installing taper bushes for various shaft sizes. Manufacturers, suppliers, and industry resources often provide detailed installation guides and instructions to ensure proper installation and usage of taper bushes. Here’s how you can find a guide on installing taper bushes for different shaft sizes:
- Manufacturer’s Websites: Many manufacturers of taper bushes include installation guides and manuals on their websites. Visit the official website of the taper bush manufacturer you are interested in, and look for the “Installation” or “Technical Resources” section. These guides typically provide step-by-step instructions, diagrams, and recommended tightening torque values for different shaft sizes.
- Supplier Documentation: If you are purchasing taper bushes from a supplier or distributor, they may provide installation guides or documentation along with the product. Check the packaging or inquire with the supplier to see if they have any specific instructions or resources available.
- Online Resources and Forums: Online resources, such as engineering forums, mechanical blogs, or industrial websites, often have articles or discussions on the installation of taper bushes. These resources may include practical tips, best practices, and real-life installation experiences shared by professionals in the field. Conduct a search using relevant keywords to find such resources.
- Industry Publications: Industry publications, magazines, or technical journals related to mechanical engineering or industrial equipment may feature articles or guides on taper bush installation. These publications often provide comprehensive information and insights into various mechanical components and their installation procedures. Check both online and offline sources for relevant publications in your field.
- Manufacturer or Supplier Support: If you have specific questions or need assistance with the installation of taper bushes for different shaft sizes, reach out to the manufacturer or supplier directly. They can provide personalized support, clarify any doubts, and guide you through the installation process based on your specific requirements.
When using a guide for installing taper bushes, it’s important to follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer or trusted industry sources. Pay attention to details such as proper alignment, recommended lubrication, tightening torque values, and any specific precautions mentioned in the guide. Adhering to the installation guidelines ensures a secure and reliable connection between the taper bush, the shaft, and the mating component.
Always prioritize safety when working with mechanical components. If you are unsure about any aspect of the installation process or encounter difficulties, consult with professionals or seek expert advice to ensure proper installation and minimize the risk of equipment failure or accidents.
editor by CX 2023-11-07
China Metric & Inch Alloy copper sleeve bronze Bearing Bushing sintered oven bearing bushing replacement
Relevant Industries: Creating Content Stores, Equipment Mend Stores, Retail, Development works , Mechanical elements
Model Amount: JFB
Kind: CUSTOMIZABLE, Customizable
Materials: Diverse bronze material, Distinct bronze substance
Dimensions: Tailored Recognized
Bush types: Sleeve Flange Washer
Precision grade: Stage 6
Diploma of end: 1.6
Apply to business: General sort
MOQ: 1Pcs
Packaging Specifics: Carton + export tray
Port: ZheJiang
Note:Because A single purchase link have numerous designs merchandise ,the weight is not specifically , the freight expense may not correct .Pls contact with us just before place buy ,we will modify the right shipping value for you soonIf you need other size that not listed in our retailer, you should enable us know, Agricultural Equipment BearingPillow Block Bearing UnitsChrome SteelUCPUcfUCTUCFLUcfcUcpaUcfb we can create according to the measurement as you required, the much more amount, the less costly cost.
Product Name | Self Lubricating Bushing |
Material | BRONZE/CuZn25Al6Fe3Mn3/graphite |
Size | drawing/personalized |
Customized | Support OEM ODM |
Typical Software | consecutive casting and rolling devices, mine-exploiting equipments, ships, steam motor, and so on. |
Package | Standard transport packing |
with high quality
editor by czh 2023-03-20
China JF-20 Bimetal Bushing Bimetal bush DU DX bushing Quality assurance non-toxic customize bimetal bearing steel bushing with graphi define bushing
Variety: Sliding
Applicable Industries: Hotels, Garment Shops, Developing Substance Retailers, Production Plant, Equipment Mend Shops, Meals & Beverage Manufacturing facility, Farms, Cafe, House Use, Retail, Food Shop, Printing Shops, Building works , Strength & Mining, Food & Beverage Shops, Other, Advertising Firm
Precision Score: higher
Substance: steel,composite,Bimetal,bi-metal,bi metallic
Merchandise model: DU,DX,FB090,FB092,JDB,SF-1,SF-2,SJ,DYB,DYB600,PVB
Bush kinds: Sleeve bushing, flange bush,ring, plate,washer,split,strong,tube,pipe
bush substance: carbon,stainless metal,brass,Bronze,copper,Aluminum,bi-steel,bimetal
Finishing: bronze-plating bush or tin-plating bushing,no lead,lead cost-free bushing
Features: Use,Dry,Reduced Resistance bush,Harden,Upkeep free of charge bushing
Bush for: Leaf spring bearing truck shock absorber gearbox AlSn20Cu
Complex: Oilite Phosphor,insert,cast,coat,sintered,powder, Double Row Angular Contact Ball Bearing 5209 45X85X30.2 Bearing wrap,mould,mildew
Lubricating: Covered with POM,PTFE,Graphite,carbon,dry,oil,no oil,grease
Bushing for: Harmony shaft bearing for truck mattress/BPW bearing for camshaft,brake
Packaging Particulars: Packaging Particulars: cartonPort: ZheJiang ,HangZhou,HangZhou and many others
Goods Description BIMETAL SELF-LUBRICATING BEARINGSIt has substantial fatigue toughness, load capacity and influence toughness. It has great corrosion resistance, fairly great floor performance. TECHNICS Style JF bimetal bearings are extensively utilised in oil lubricating conditions. Typically beneath minimal pace and oil lubricating scenarios assemble with grease and function with including oil periodically, this sort of as suspension, steeping ball joints, brake pedal joints, redirector, connecting rod, slide portion punch, and many others. Software FunctionsBroadly utilised in car engines, gearboxes, auto chassis, steering knuckles, equilibrium shafts, leaf springs, motorbike clutches, gear pump friction plates, lifting equipment, and so forth.It is ideal for medium load, medium to high speed, and substantial effect load occasions, these kinds of as inner combustion motor bearing bush, connecting rod bushing, rock arm bushing, slide plate of oil equipment pump, etc.The bearings floor are sintered with CuPbSn10, CuPb24Sn4, CuPb30, CuSn6Zn6Pb3 or AlSn20Cu. The chemical changes of interior alloy layer can make the bearings work effectively below a variety of load presses, various functioning temperatures and sliding speeds. Harmony shaft bearing for truck bedLeaf spring bearing for truck shock absorberAlSn20Cu bearing for gearbox, gear bearingConnecting rod bearing for car connecting rodBPW bearing for camshaft,truck brakeHelp customized according your draft! SELF-LUBRICATED MULTILAYER COMPOUND BEARINGSELF-LUBRICATED MULTILAYER COMPOUND FLANGE BEARINGSELF-LUBRICATED MULTILAYER COMPOUND WASHERFeatures: ideal for dry runing, reduced coeffcient of friction, reduced put on, great sliding traits, forming a transfer movie can protect the mating metallic surface, appropriate for rotary and oscillating motion.Higher chemical resistance, reduced absorption of water and inflammation. Also performs properly with lubrication. BOUNDARY LUBRICATING BUSHINGFeatures: Appropriate for rotary and oscillating motion, lower maintenence requirements due to the lengthy re-lubrication intervals, reduced dress in susceptibility to edge loading, no absorption of drinking water and as a result no inflammation, excellent damping conduct, great resistance to shock loads. Provide your draft, we can custom for you! greatest Top quality for Suspension Bushing Matches For VW 1K0505203A 1K05 0571 9A Remember to make contact with for far more information! Packing & Shipping Packing1,Print mark logo,2,Anti-rust oil3,Plastic films4,Plastic bag or paper box5,Carton+Pallet6,Port: ZheJiang ,HangZhou,HangZhou etcShipping: 1,Supply Time : Normally 15-twenty days.Relies upon on your amount.2,Normally, Free of standard measurement sample inside 5 days. Company Profile Xihu (West Lake) Dis. Dingyi Conversation Bearing Co., Ltd. specializes in investigating and producing self-lubricating oilless bushes. We can also layout and generate different non-regular bearings according to clients’ specifications.Our products have qualities of high compressive power, reduced friction coefficient and excellent abrasion resistance, so they can lessen the price of equipment. They are widely used in gear pumps, automobiles, textile devices, printing devices, mining equipment, hydraulics, agriculture and forest machines. Our items provide properly notably in applications with no oil or elements which can’t be effortlessly oiled.Certified products and very good provider are guidance of our company. We will do our ideal to build bushes in diverse fields to serve customers from at residence and abroad. FAQ 1. who are we?We are primarily based in ZHangZhoug, China, commence from 2005,offer to Western Europe(forty.00%),Southeast Asia(20.00%),North The united states(twenty.00%),Japanese Europe(ten.00%),Mid East(5.00%),Jap Asia(5.00%). There are complete about 51-100 individuals in our business office.2. how can we assure high quality?Often a pre-manufacturing sample ahead of mass productionAlways last Inspection ahead of shipment3.what can you acquire from us?bearing,bushing,oilless bearing,slide bush,slide bearing4. why should you get from us not from other suppliers?We are skilled sliding oilless bushing china company.We have bearing tests equipment and go ISO/TS16949.5. what companies can we offer?Recognized Shipping and delivery Phrases: FOB,CFR,CIF,EXW,CPT,DDP,DDU,Convey Delivery;Accepted Payment Currency:USD,EUR,HKD,CNYAccepted Payment Kind: T/T,L/C,Credit rating Card,Western Union,Money,EscrowLanguage Spoken:English, digital a hundred thirty DC travel motor 3V-6V miniature modest Do-it-yourself toy DC motor Chinese
bronze bushing
editor by czh 2023-03-12
China High Quality Sintered Bucket Bushing Collar Bushing Copper Alloy Sleeve bushing bearing with Great quality
Applicable Industries: Developing Content Shops, Equipment Fix Shops, Retail, Construction works , Strength & Mining, Other, Mechanical parts
Design Amount: JDB
Sort: CUSTOMIZABLE, Customizable
Substance: Copper alloy, Car Mend Materials CRV Socket Driver Wrench Universal Joint Copper alloy
Solution title: JDB graphite bushing
Lubricating: graphite
Size: Tailored Approved
Precision quality: Degree six
Diploma of complete: 1.6
Utilize to business: General variety
MOQ: 1Pcs
Packaging Information: Carton mine-exploiting equipments, ships, steam engine, and many others.
bushing brass
editor by czh 2023-03-07
China guide bushing for submersible pump bearing bush for motor bushing adapter
Relevant Industries: Machinery Mend Stores, Building works , Substantial Top quality 401712 Deep Groove Ball Bearings 6203 for Aoright FAG CZPT aoright CZPT C&U CZPT Strength & Mining
Model Number: Asbestos Bushing
Sort: sleeve
Material: asbestos
Merchandise name: Bushing
Software: Industrial Gear
Lubricating: H2o
Packaging Information: Picket packing containers, wooden situations or clients’ specifications.
Port: ZheJiang Port Personalized plastic layout injection molding PA66 Nylon Flange Bushing HangZhou Port
Company Profile Particulars Images Specification
Manufacturer | Hengqiang (HQ) |
Dimension | Personalized |
Substance | Asbestos |
Software | Pumps, fifty eight inch shaft clamp Split Black Oxide Aluminum Tube and Pipe Clamp adjustable inch Shaft Collars motors, common equipment |
Bending Toughness | fifty two~seventy five Mpa |
Compressive Strength | sixty three~ninety two Mpa |
Sample | Avialable |
Certification | ISO 9001 |
with Great quality
editor by czh 2023-03-01
China Good price Journal bearing Alloy copper bearing bushing floating bearing for turbo repair kits with high quality
Applicable Industries: Developing Materials Outlets, Manufacturing Plant, Machinery Repair Stores, Design works , Power & Mining, Other
Product Quantity: JDB
Type: sleeve
Substance: CuZn25Al6Fe3Mn3 6206 we can make in accordance to the measurement as you needed, the far more quantity, the more affordable price.
Product Name | Self Lubricating Bushing |
Material | CuSn5Zn5Pb5/CuSn6Zn6Pb3 |
Size | depend on drawing |
Customized | Support |
Typical Software | consecutive casting and rolling devices, mine-exploiting equipments, ships, steam engine, and so on. |
Package | Standard transport packing |
brass bushing
editor by czh 2023-02-27
China Factory supply customized sizes aluminium part precision cold extruded hobbed bearing metal sleeve stainless steel shaft bushing taper lock bushing
Relevant Industries: Producing Plant
Kind: sleeve
Materials: steel
Merchandise identify: bulging interior bushing
Product Content: Metal
Search term: bulging inner bushing for auto add-ons
Size: Customer’s Drawing
Provider: OEM
Tolerance: .01-.05mm
Coloration: Customer’s Requests
Certification: ISO9001, TS16949
Application: suspension bushing
Supply TIME: 15-twenty five Days
Packaging Information: carton or packed as for every customer ‘s prerequisite for vehicle steel bushing.
Port: HangZhou
Material | Aluminum, stainless steel, copper, brass, galvinized and many others. |
Size | Customized |
Surface therapy | Sandblasting, China manufacturer Shaft sleeve bushing bronze screw nut graphite break up sleeve bearing wire drawing, oxidation coloring, monitor printing, laser engraving, electrophoresis,galvanized and quickly |
Technology | Stamping, 3T2094 Sleeve Bearing Bushing 3T2094 3T2095 3T-2094 Bulldozer Bushing For Caterpillar cnc, laser chopping, welding, components mold design and production |
Sample | 7-fifteen days quickly prototype |
Certificate | IATF 16946:2016 |
OEM | Accept |
Drawing Format | 3D/CAD/Dwg/IGS/STP |
Color | Customized |
Application | Automotive, maritime, property appliances, Sizzling Sale Auto twenty five 63 Steering Common Joint Cross Dimensions U Joint Assemblies electronic products, machinery and gear |
drill bushing
editor by czh 2023-02-24
China Customized Amazon hot sale good product carbon graphite bushing bearing bushing press
Relevant Industries: Constructing Materials Shops, Strength & Mining
Product Variety: graphite bushing
Sort: sleeve
Material: carbon graphite
Common or Nonstandard: Nonstandard
Packaging Specifics: Common export packing
Port: ZheJiang
Personalized Amazon hot sale good solution Carbon Graphite Bushing bearing
Product Parameters
Software | Mechanical Industry | ||||||||||
Dimensions | Customers’ Regular and Non Regular Clamp Shaft Collar Double Split Shaft Collar Necessity | ||||||||||
Chemical Composition | Carbon>99% | ||||||||||
Variety of Provider | Manufacturer | ||||||||||
Application | Mechanical seals, Balance Bar Bushing Car Suspension Components Spare Components For Nissan Teana ALTIMA OEM 54613-6CT0A 54613-6CA0A pumps, valve | ||||||||||
Certification | ISO9 ) | Anti-bending | Anti-comp | HS Hardness | Porosity | X10-6/℃ Linear Expansivity | Usign term Perature | ||||
Hot-pressing | 1.72 | 54 | 147 | 68 | 1.5 | 60 | 200 | ||||
Impreg-nated Carbon | Bakeliteel Rosin | M102F | one.seventy two | fifty four | 147 | 68 | one.5 | four.eight | |||
M205F | 1.82 | fifty five | one hundred fifty | 75 | two.five | 6 | |||||
M203F | 1.eight | sixty five | one hundred fifty | seventy five | 2.five | six.5 | |||||
M208F | 1.seventy five | fifty | one hundred fifty | 70 | 1 | 4.eight | |||||
Furane Resin | M106F | one.sixty five | 65 | 240 | 95 | 1.five | 6.5 | ||||
M102F | 1.seven | 60 | 220 | 95 | 1.5 | 6.5 | |||||
M238F | 1.85 | fifty five | a hundred and five | fifty five | two | four.five | |||||
M254F | 1.82 | forty five | a hundred | fifty five | two | 6 | |||||
M255F | 1.85 | fifty five | one hundred and five | fifty five | 2 | four.eight | |||||
M158F | 1.7 | 60 | 200 | ninety | two | five.one | |||||
Epoxy Resin | M106H | one.sixty five | sixty | 210 | seventy five | one | four.8 | ||||
M120H | one.seven | fifty five | two hundred | 75 | one | 4.8 | |||||
M238H | one.88 | fifty | a hundred and five | fifty five | 1.five | 4.5 | |||||
M254H | 1.eighty two | forty | 90 | 50 | one | 4.five | |||||
M255H | one.85 | fifty | 95 | 50 | one | four.five |
3D Showroom
You should click listed here for much more sample space info
Why Select Us
with Good quality
editor by czh 2023-02-21
China BS08 Factory Customized Diameters 10mm High Performance Copper Brass Split Sleeve Bushing Bearing bushing adapter
Error:获取返回内容失败,
Your session has expired. Please reauthenticate.
taper lock bushing
editor by czh 2023-02-20
China Bearing Bushing Adapter Lock Sleeve AH OH AOH H 2322 2324 2326 2328 2330 2332 2334 2336 2338 2340 2344 2348 2352 2356 with Good quality
Relevant Industries: Producing Plant
Design Amount: AH OH AOH H 2330
Variety: sleeve
Materials: Bearing steel
Item name: Adapter Sleeve
Feature: Servicing
Vibration: V1 V2 V3 V4
Packaging Particulars: Carton or wood case
Port: HangZhou or any other prots
Bearing Bushing Adapter Lock Sleeve AH OH AOH H 2352 2356
Cage material | Steel Cage |
Clearance | C0 C2 C3 C4 C5 |
Precision | P0 P6 P5 P2 |
Function | Large load ,Low Sounds. Lengthy Existence ,high trustworthiness, China CZPT helical gearbox For Meat Grinders hefty load and large temperature resistance. |
Vibration | V1 V2 V3 V4 |
Measurement | |
Hardness | HRC58-sixty two |
Manufactured order | custom made, personalized,OEM, Bearing High Pace 7008 TMB Angular contact ball bearing 7008AC 7008C 7008 bearing common, non-Standard |
Materials | GRC15 , Ghrome metal |
Bearings Size |
bushing brass
editor by czh 2023-02-19